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For wild natural medicine, unanticipated biodiversity as species or varieties with similar morphological characteristics and sympatric distribution may co-exist in a single batch of medical materials, which affects the efficacy and safety of clinical medication. DNA barcoding as an effective species identification tool is limited by its low sample throughput nature. In this study, combining DNA mini-barcode, DNA metabarcoding and species delimitation method, a novel biological sources consistency evaluation strategy was proposed, and high level of interspecific and intraspecific variations were observed and validated among 5376 Amynthas samples from 19 sampling points regarded as "Guang Dilong" and 25 batches of proprietary Chinese medicines. Besides Amynthas aspergillum as the authentic source, 8 other Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) were elucidated. Significantly, even the subgroups within A. aspergillum revealed here differ significantly on chemical compositions and biological activity. Fortunately, this biodiversity could be controlled when the collection was limited to designated areas, as proved by 2796 "decoction pieces" samples. This batch biological identification method should be introduced as a novel concept regarding natural medicine quality control, and to offer guidelines for in-situ conservation and breeding bases construction of wild natural medicine.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical safety of Naoxintong （NXT） capsules after marketing， find out the potential risk factors of the drug as soon as possible， and reveal the incidence， nature， and clinical manifestations of the adverse events （ADE） and adverse reactions （ADR） of NXT capsules， so as to provide a basis for safe use of the drug in clinical practice. MethodA prospective， large-sample， multi-center observational cohort study was conducted to monitor all the 7 345 inpatients and outpatients orally taking NXT in 14 hospitals in China from January to December in 2018， with at least one follow-up. The demographic characteristics， disease type， NXT medication， ADR occurrence， characteristics， and prognosis of the patients were collected. SPSS 23.0 was used for single-factor and multivariate logistic regression to predict the influencing factors of ADR. ResultThe male and female patients accounted for similar proportions. There were 5 081 patients （79.40%） aged ≥60 years and 3 153 patients （49.27%） with body mass index （BMI） exceeding the normal standard. There were 344 （5.38%） patients with a history of allergy to medicines and food， 9 （0.14%） patients with a family history of allergy， and 52 （0.81%） patients with a history of allergic diseases. The ADRs associated with NXT occurred in 22 patients， with the incidence of 0.34%. The clinical manifestations of ADR appeared in 31 cases， involving 10 organs/systems， of which gastrointestinal system damage was the most common （17， 54.84%）. All ADRs were mild or moderate. Most ADRs （19， 86.36%） occurred within 4 weeks after administration. The patients with alleviated NXT-associated ADRs accounted for 81.82%. No indicators related to significant increases in ADR risks were found. ConclusionNXT is well tolerated in the general population. The hospital centralized monitoring for the clinical safety of oral Chinese patent drugs based on HIS data and Web tracking and follow-up system is an essential means for the post-market research on the safety of drugs.
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Currently， evidence on the efficacy and risk of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） injections is seriously insufficient， and it is difficult to evaluate TCM injections comprehensively， truly and objectively using available efficacy evaluation indicators. Therefore， establishing a clinical efficacy evaluation system that can effectively reflect TCM injections is imperative. Core outcome set （COS） has played an important role in screening TCM efficacy evaluation indicators， however， there are still certain problems， such as large differences in efficacy indicators， non-standardization， and lack of featured and specific TCM indicators. Mixed method research （MMR） has the advantages of looking at problems from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives. It is thereby proposed to use COS and MMR integrated model to establish a clinical efficacy evaluation indicator system that not only fully considers the cha-racteristics of TCM injections， but also highlights the efficacy and advantages of TCM injections from the perspective of TCM intervention. Simultaneously， an indicator screening method using MMR to optimize COS research model is formulated， which can provide ideas for the research on efficacy evaluation indicators of TCM injections.
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Human Gasdermin B (GSDMB) gene, as a member of the Gasdermin (GSDM) gene family, may be associated with the development of asthma, tumor and immune system diseases. Recent studies have found that cell pyroptosis can be mediated by GSDMB protein. The N-terminus of GSDMB cleaved by Granzyme A (GZMA), which is secreted by cytotoxic lymphocytes, can directly promote cell pyroptosis. Moreover, GSDMB protein promotes the cleavage of Gasdermin D (GSDMD) by binding to cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-4 (caspase-4), thus indirectly promoting cell pyroptosis. This article summarized the progress in the mechanism of GSDMB gene-mediated cell pyroptosis and the related diseases.
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OBJECTIVE：To investigate and study the problems in the items labeling of Chinese patent medicine instructions in National Essential Medicines List ，and to provide reference for rational drug use and instruction revision. METHODS ：Totally 268 Chinese patent medicines contained in the 2018 edition of National Essential Medicines List ，including 465 instructions of different . An dard docetaxel as first-line therapy in patients with meta - economic evaluation of docetaxel and paclitaxel regimens in metastatic breast cancer in the UK[J]. Pharmacoeco - dosage forms ，were collected ，and the labeling rate and content problems of drug instructions were counted. RESULTS ：Of the 465 instructions，86.88％ were labeled with cautions. The labeling rates of ADR ，pharmacokinetics，contraindications，drug interactions ， clinical trials ，pharmacological toxicology and pharmacological action were low ，being 20.64％，0.21％，30.1％，1.07％，2.36％， 8.81％，1.93％. All other items were labeled. Incomplete description of ingredients ，incomplete information of decoction pieces and excipients accounted for 2.15％ and 48.81％，respectively；the expression of functional indications was varied ，and there were 12 expression methods ，among which 16.5％ of indications lacked TCM indications ；specifications were not uniform ，and there were 5 expression methods ；usage and dosage were not clearly marked ，and 465 instructions did not mention the usage and dosage for the elderly or pregnant and lactating women. Drug interactions ，ADR，matters needing attention and contraindications were not fully described with no substantive content ；only 0.64％ marked interaction with chemical medicine and 12.68％ marked contraindication content. CONCLUSIONS ：There are some problems in the description of Chinese patent medicine instructions in 2018 edition of National Essential Medicine List ，such as non-standard and incomplete. It is suggested to strengthen efforts to establish and improve the information collection and feedback mechanism of Chinese patent medicine ，and introduce policies to support enterprises to carry out basic and clinical research after listing ；and through actively carrying out basic and clinical research in line with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine ，guided by the theory of traditional Chinese medicine ，combined with the latest research results ，so as to further improve the contents of Chinese patent medicine instructions.
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Objective:To construct a prediction model for the prognosis of breast cancer patients with long non-coding RNA expression characteristics.Methods:To construct a long non-coding RNA(LncRNA) model for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer patients.Methods Analyzing LncRNA expression profiles and clinical characteristics of 1 081 breast cancer patients in the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database.Performing differential expression analysis and univariate analysis on 112 paired breast cancer and normal breast tissues′ transcriptome sequencing data in the TCGA database, and screened for differentially expressed (DELncRNAs) that significantly correlated with the prognosis of BRCA (To reduce batch effects, sequencing data has been normalized using the DESeq function). One thousand eighty-one breast cancer patients were randomly divided into two groups: training set (541) and validation set (540). Performing Cox proportional hazard regression using DELncRNAs and establishing a multi-LncRNA prognosis model in the training set, followed by proportional hazards assumption test(PH assumption test). Patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups based on calculated risk score.Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and 540 patients′ data were used for validation.To evaluate the prognostic value of the model in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and hepatocarcinoma in TCGA database.Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to analyze the specific mechanism of lncrna affecting the survival of patients.Results:There were 2815 differentially expressed genes screened by transcriptome sequencing, 91 of which were significantly related to the prognosis of breast cancer patients ( P<0.05). Based on the Cox regression analysis of 91 delncrna expression data from 541 breast cancer patients in training set, a Cox proportional risk regression model was constructed based on 5 LncRNA (training set AUC=0.746, validation set AUC=0.650): AC004551.1, MTOR-AS1, KCNAB1-AS2, FAM230G and LINC01283, and PH assumption test( P=0.388). K-M survival analysis showed that the survival time of high-risk group was significantly worse than that of low-risk group (median survival time: 7.049 and 12.21 years, HR 0.367, 95% CI0.228-0.597, P<0.001), and the survival time of high-risk group was significantly shorter than that of low-risk group (median survival time: 7.57 and 10.85 years, HR 0.412, 95% CI0.214-0.793, P<0.001). Similar prediction results were also obtained in other cancer species of TCGA: lung squamous cell carcinoma ( HR 0.604, 95% CI0.383-0.951, P=0.007) and liver cell carcinoma ( HR 0.551, 95% CI0.307-0.987, P=0.011). GSEA results suggested that the expression patterns of the above five LncRNA were related to the cell cycle regulation of tumor cells. Conclusion:The prognostic model constructed based on expression profile of AC004551.1, MTOR-AS1, KCNAB1-AS2, FAM230G and LINC01283 can be used to predict the prognosis of breast cancer patients, which is helpful to further guide clinical treatment.
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OBJECTIVE： To investigate the historical evolution and clinical application of “eighteen incompatible medicaments” and “nineteen medicaments of mutual restraint” of TCM， and to provide reference for enriching the contents of rational use of TCM. METHODS： Through the methods of literature mining， using “eighteen incompatible medicaments” “nineteen medicaments of mutual restraint” “incompatible medicaments” “clinical use” “ADR” “ADE” as keywords， retrieved from CNKI， Wanfang， VIP database （from the date of database establishment to August 2018） and library of Henan University of TCM， related literatures about “eighteen incompatible medicaments” and “nineteen medicaments of mutual restraint” were extracted and combed， and the history and clinical application of them were summarized and analyzed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： “Eighteen incompatible medicaments” is one of the main contents of TCM basic theory. The word is first published in Shubencao， which is the concrete embodiment of the “opposite” in the “seven compatibility regularities” of TCM， and the number of “eighteen incompatible medicaments” of TCM recorded in the medical books of TCM is different from each other in the past dynasties. “Nineteen medicaments of mutual restraint” is one of the taboos of TCM compatibility， which is first found in Shennong’s Herbal. There are mixed use of “mutual inhibition” “incompatible” and “mutual restraint” in all dynasties， and there is still controversy about the attribution of “seven compatibility regularities” of “nineteen medicaments of mutual restraint” among physicians. Regardless of ancient medical books， modern medical books， various editions of Chinese Pharmacopeia， literature reports and clinical applications， there are compatibility usage of drug pairs of “eighteen incompatible medicaments” and “nineteen medicaments of mutual restraint”. Among them， 8 kinds of set prescription preparations containing drug pair of “eighteen incompatible medicaments” were involved in 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （part Ⅰ）， most of which were Aconitum carmichaelii/Aconitum kusnezoffii-Bletilla striata/Ampelopsis japonica； 9 kinds of set prescription preparations containing drug pair of “nineteen medicaments of mutual restraint” were also involved， most of which were Syringa oblate-Curcuma rcenyujin， Cinnamomum cassia-Halloysitum rubrum. Although there are medical records or literature pointing out that it can be used to treat critical and difficult diseases， and some studies have preliminarily confirmed the compatibility rationality of individual incompatibility medicaments/medicaments of mutual restraint， the conclusions of relevant studies are not entirely consistent， and the intensity of research evidence is not high， and the research evidence is insufficient. Basic researches should be strengthened and large-scle， multiple-center and high-quality clinical studies are needed to confirm this conclusion so as to guaratetee the rationality and safety of drug use in clinic.
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Objective To detecte the neovascularizations in carotid plaques using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and explore the relationship between the neovascularizations and the peripheral leukocytes in the patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods Sixty-two patients with large artery atherosclerosis cerebral infarction were selected as cerebral infarction group;and 54 age-and gender-matched patients with atherosclerosis and without cerebral cerebrovascular events were recruited control group.The dominant carotid artery plaques were performed by CEUS,the peak of time-intensity curve(TIC-P) and the mean of time-intensity curve (TIC-M) were measured by off-line quantitative analysis.The peak (FC-P), time to peak (FC-TP),sharpness (FC-S) and under the curve area (FC-AUC) were obtained from fitting curves of time-intensity. The correlations between parameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and leukocyte counts were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results ①In the cerebral infarction group, the total leukocytes and neutrophils were higher than those in the control group,while the number of lymphocytes was lower than that of the control group(all P <0.05). ②In the cerebral infarction group,the TIC-P and TIC-M values were greater than those in the control group ( P < 0.05).Compared with the control group,the FC-P,FC-S and FC-AUC values in the cerebral infarction group were increased (all P <0.05). ③There was a negative correlation between PIG-P,TIC-M of FC-P and lymphocytes( r = -0.291,-0.263 and -0.270;all P <0.05).FC-S and FC-AUC were positively correlated with neutrophils ( r =0.261,0.298;all P < 0.05). Conclusions Carotid plaque neovascularizations is related to peripheral leukocyte count.CEUS help us know more the vulnerability of plaque.
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Objective To evaluate surgical treatment of chronic tibial osteomyelitis of Cierny-Mader type Ⅳ with Ilizarov technique and lesion osteotomy. Methods From January 2010 to May 2016, 39 patients with chronic tibial osteomyelitis of Cierny-Mader type Ⅳ were treated at our center. They were 33 males and 6 females, 8 to 54 years of age (average, 33.8 years). After debridement and lesion osteotomy, the tibia was fixated with Ilizarov external fixator. Bone was transported to the bone defect after corticotomy was performed on the proximal and/or distal tibial metaphyses simultaneously. Bifocal corticotomy was per-formed in 11 cases, proximal corticotomy in 21 cases, and distal corticotomy in 7 cases. The transport began 3 to 5 days after operation at a speed of 0.5 to 1.0 mm/d initially. The speed was lowered according to the bone healing and pain. Radiographic examination was done every 2 weeks to observe transporting deviation and osteogenesis in the transporting area. The transporting was adjusted whenever any abnormality was observed. The bone transporting lasted for 50 to 130 days (average, 62.4 days). Results The patients were fol-lowed up for 11 to 49 months (average, 21 months). All the soft tissue wounds healed uneventfully and there was no relapse of osteomyelitis. The bone defects in the 32 cases were reconstructed primarily. Nonunion of fracture ends happened in 5 cases and nonunion of the bone lengthening zone in 2 cases. The 7 cases of nonunion were healed after secondary bone grafting. Malalignment happened in 5 cases, 4 of which responded to timely adjustment of the external fixation and one of which had to receive secondary bone grafting after failure in adjustment of the external fixation. Ankle joint dysfunction occurred in 7 cases, 5 of which re-sponded to functional exercise and 2 of which accepted joint dysfunction because they refused surgery after unsatisfactory functional exercise. Pin tract infection of different severities occurred in 9 cases, one of which was treated by replacement of the K-wires under local anesthesia and the other 8 of which responded to rein-forced dressing change. Conclusions Chronic tibial osteomyelitis of Cierny-Mader typeⅣcan be treated by Ilizarov technique and lesion osteotomy. However, the Ilizarov technique should be improved because of the risks of multiple complications which can be reduced significantly by strengthening postoperative instruction, nursing, and regular follow-up.
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OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for strengthening safe use and supervision of set prescription preparations containing toxic decoction pieces [called "Chinese patent medicine (CPM) containing toxicity" for short] in clinic. METHODS: The CPM containing toxicity in 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (part I) were summarized and analyzed to put forward the suggestion on improving safe use of them in clinic. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: A total of 474 CPM containing toxicity are included in 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (part I), accounting for 31. 75％ of set prescription preparations. There are 435 oral preparations (12 preparations both for oral and external use), 38 preparations for external use, one intramuscular injection, accounting for 91. 77％, 8. 02％, 0. 21％ of CPM containing toxicity, respectively. There are 318, 93, 32, 31 set prescription preparations containing 1, 2, 3 or more ingredients toxic decoction pieces, accounting for 67. 09％, 19. 62％, 6. 75％, 6. 54％, respectively. At present, basic research on CPM containing toxicity is weak; the information of the instructions is not perfect; guidance for clinical drug use is absent. It is suggested to strengthen basic research on CPM containing toxicity, develop drug use study among special population, improve rational use of Chinese patent medicine and strengthen post-marketing safety reevaluation so as to guarantee the safety of CPM containing toxicity use in clinic.
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Objective On whole-genome scale,we tried to explore the correlation between obesity-related traits and DNA methylation sites,based on discordant monozygotic twin pairs.Methods A total of 90 pairs of 6-17 year-old twins were recruited in Chaoyang district,Yanqing district and Fangshan district in Beijing in 2016.Information on twins was gathered through a self-designed questionnaire and results from physical examination,including height,weight and waist circumference of the subjects under study.DNA methylation detection was chosen on the Illumina Human Methylation EPIC BeadChip.R 3.3.1 language was used to read the DNA methylation signal under quality control on samples and probes.Ebayes function of empirical Bayes paired moderated t-test was used to identify the differential methylated CpG sites (DMCs).VarFit function of emp irical Bayes paired moderated Levene test was used to identify the differentially variables CpG sits (DVCs) in obese and normal groups.Results According to the obesity discordance criteria,we collected 23 pairs of twins (age range 7 to 16 years),including 12 male pairs.A total of 817 471 qualified CpG loci were included in the genome-wide correlation analysis.According to the significance level of FDR set as ＜0.05,no positive sites would meet this standard.When DMC CpG site cg05684382,with the smallest P value (1.26E-06) as on chromosome 12,the DVC CpG site cg26188191 with the smallest P value (6.44E-06) appeared in CMIP gene on chromosome 16.Conclusions In this study,we analyzed the genome-wide DNA methylation and its correlation with obesity traits.After multiple testing corrections,no positive sites were found to have associated with obesity.However,results from the correlation analysis demonstrated sites cg05684382 (chr:12) and cg26188191 (chr:16) might have played a role in the development of obesity.This study provides a methodologic reference for the studies on discordance twins related problems.
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Objective On whole-genome scale,we tried to explore the correlation between obesity-related traits and DNA methylation sites,based on discordant monozygotic twin pairs.Methods A total of 90 pairs of 6-17 year-old twins were recruited in Chaoyang district,Yanqing district and Fangshan district in Beijing in 2016.Information on twins was gathered through a self-designed questionnaire and results from physical examination,including height,weight and waist circumference of the subjects under study.DNA methylation detection was chosen on the Illumina Human Methylation EPIC BeadChip.R 3.3.1 language was used to read the DNA methylation signal under quality control on samples and probes.Ebayes function of empirical Bayes paired moderated t-test was used to identify the differential methylated CpG sites (DMCs).VarFit function of emp irical Bayes paired moderated Levene test was used to identify the differentially variables CpG sits (DVCs) in obese and normal groups.Results According to the obesity discordance criteria,we collected 23 pairs of twins (age range 7 to 16 years),including 12 male pairs.A total of 817 471 qualified CpG loci were included in the genome-wide correlation analysis.According to the significance level of FDR set as ＜0.05,no positive sites would meet this standard.When DMC CpG site cg05684382,with the smallest P value (1.26E-06) as on chromosome 12,the DVC CpG site cg26188191 with the smallest P value (6.44E-06) appeared in CMIP gene on chromosome 16.Conclusions In this study,we analyzed the genome-wide DNA methylation and its correlation with obesity traits.After multiple testing corrections,no positive sites were found to have associated with obesity.However,results from the correlation analysis demonstrated sites cg05684382 (chr:12) and cg26188191 (chr:16) might have played a role in the development of obesity.This study provides a methodologic reference for the studies on discordance twins related problems.
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Objective To investigate the biological effects of exosomes secreted by KYSE410 cells on migration and invasion of KYSE410,KYSE510,YES2 cells and the possible mechanisms underlying the phenotype change.Methods The exosomes were isolated from the conditional supernatant of esophageal cancer cell line KYSE410 by ultracentrifugation.The morphology of exosomes was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Western blotting was used to detect the protein markers of exosomes.The uptaken of fluorescence-labeled KYSE410 exosomes by KYSE410,KYSE510 and YES2 was also recorded under confocal microscopy.Migration and invasion ability of the three esophageal carcinoma cell lines and the effects of exosomes from KYSE410 on migration and invasion of KYSE410,KYSE510 and YES2 cells were analyzed by Transwell chamber,respectively.The alteration of Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blotting.Results The membrane structure of KYSE410 derived exosomes could be observed with its diameter ranged between 30-100nm.The invasion and migration ability of three esophageal cancer cells are KYSE410＞ KYSE510＞ YES2.KYSE410 exosomes promoted the migration and invasion of KYSE410,KYSE510 and YES2 cells.Conclusions Concentrated exosomes derived from the highly migratory and invasive esophageal cancer cell line KYSE410 promoted the migration and invasion potentials of itself and esophageal cancer cell lines KYSE510 and YES2,which possibly exerted the effects by activating Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.
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Objective To construct a programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1) co-expression network in lung squamous cell carcinoma,screen potential PD-L1 co-expression biomarkers,and try to find the genes and pathways participating in PD-L1-regulated tumor immune response.Methods The lung squamous cell carcinoma dataset extracted from TCGA was used to screen the co-expression genes of PD-L 1 at the whole-genome transcriptional level by Venny analysis,and the target genes were screened by multiple types of cluster and molecular network analysis to construct a PD-L1 co-expression network.Results A total of 126 genes moderately co-expressed with PD-L1 were retrieved,most of them are plasma membrane targeting genes participating in immune response.Three transcription factors (IRF2/NFKB1/IRF1) were involved in more than 30％ the regulation of the PD-L1 genes transcription.By screening the core molecules of co-expression of PD-L1 gene set and analyzing the connectivity of network node,6 network nodes genes with the highest connectivity were retrieved as follows:IFNG,JAK2,STAT1,CTLA4,CD80 and CCR5.Analysis of the relations of the different expression levels of these genes to the survival situation of patients with lung cancer revealed that CCR5 was a significant prognostic marker.Analysis of the PD-L1 expression and CCR5 gene spectrum data showed the Pearson correlation coefficient is 0.47(P＜0.05);GO-BP cluster analysis showed that the function of CCR5 mainly focused on immune regulation,T cell regulation and signal transduction,in accordance with the PD-L1 function of network regulation.Conclusions The main nodes of PD-L1 co-expressing gene set are immune-related molecules,among which IFNG/CCR5/NFKB1 play the most significant regulatory effects in the gene network.This finding lays a foundation for the research and immunotherapy for lung squamous cell carcinoma.
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Preparation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of gestodene [GEST] intravaginal ring [IVR] formulations which can release a constant dose of GEST during 3 weeks were investigated. In present study a reservoir gestodene intravaginal ring, including a gestodene silicone elastomer core and the non-active silicone layer, was reported, which was manufactured by reaction injection moulding at 80[degree]C for 20 min. The raw materials compatibility experiments showed that the silicone elastomer core carrier wouldn't interact with drugs. In vitro release samples were determined by HPLC and the experiment was performed under sink conditions. The equation of cumulative release verse time was Y=64.76x+5.44 [r=0.9998], performing zero-order release at about the target dose of 60 [micro]g/day over 21 days. Drug release increased with temperature elevating from 45 to 55[degree]C, which could be attributed to optimizing the prescription. In addition, the pharmacokinetic and safety studies of gestodene intravaginal ring were evaluated in female New Zealand White rabbits. The GEST in plasma was analyzed by LC-MS/MS and the results proved that the correlation between in vitro and in vivo was relatively well
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Post traumatic epilepsy(PTE)refers to the epileptic seizures after traumatic brain injury. Or-ganic damage can be found by imaging examination, and abnormal electroencephalogram can be detected via electroencephalogram examination which has the similar location of the brain injury. PTE has the characteristics of low incidence, absence of case reports, and easy to exaggerate the state of illness, which add difficulties to the forensic identification. This paper reviews the status of epidemiology, patho-genesis, clinical treatment and forensic identification for PTE.
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Objective To screen the genes most relevant to lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer and identify the genes at the key knots of the regulatory network to provide the potential targets for cervical cancer intervention.Methods The transcriptional profiling database of TCGA was used, and random forests algorithm was adopted to rank the genes related to lymph node metastasis extracted from GeneCards database.STRING and Cytospace tolls were used to build the interactive regulatory network and identify the most weighted genes localized in the central of the network.DAVID platform was used to perform a functional annotation for the whole geneset.Results We ranked 2784 genes in respect to their potential contributions to lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer and identified the genes at the key knob.The genes related to cancer metastasis were enriched to cytokines pathway, MAPK pathway, wnt pathway, intercellular interaction, adhesive conjunction, cellular skeleton regulation, etc.Some of the identified key genes, like EGFR, NOTCH1, RHOA, etc. have been verified to be closely related cervical cancer metastasis in the basic and clinical research. Conclusion Random forests algorithm is useful, taking advantages of TCGA database, in enriching the genes playing significant role in cervical cancer metastasis.A majority of the genes in the analyzed geneset were indicated to be significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis.
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Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of metastasis associated gene 1 (MTA1) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods Lentivirus infection method was used to establish the MTA1 knocking out cell line (LV3-shMTA1-KYSE410) and the MTA1 overexpressing cell line (LVS-MTA1-KYSE450).Western Blot was used to measure the expression of MTA1 and the proteins associated with EMT process.Furthermore,the expression and localization of E-cadherin and Vimentin were observed by immunofluorescence assay under confocal microscope.Finally,the wound healing method was performed to confirm the changes of migration ability of the established cell lines.Results When KYSE-450 cells were overexpressed MTA1,the expression level of E-cadherin was down-regulated while Vimentin was up-regulated,and the migration ability was enhanced (0.91 ± 0.00 vs.0.23 ± 0.04,P ＜0.05).When MTA1 was knocked out in KYSE-410 cells,the results were the opposite (0.19±0.01 vs 0.53±0.01,P ＜0.05).Conclusion Overexpression of MTA1 may promote the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and enhance the migration ability of ESCC.
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ObjectiveTo understand the difference in characteristics between juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) and adult dermatomyositis (ADM).Methods Sixty-one cases of JDM were retrospectively analyzed and compared with 30 cases of ADM. Results The rashes were presented as the initial symptom in all expect one JDM patients. Gottron’s papules were presented in 90% JDM patients and 67% ADM patients. Calcium deposition was presented in 7% JDM patients and none of the ADM patients. The cardiovascular system was involved in 7 % JDM patients and 23% ADM patients. Cancer occurred in none of JDM patients and 13% ADM patients. In JDM and ADM patients, the ratio of elevated muscle enzymes from highest to lowest was LDH, hy-droxybutyric acid enzyme, CK-MB, AST, and CK. The positive ratio of magnetic resonance (MRI) all exceeded 80% in JDM and ADM groups. Two cases died in each group.Conclusions The clinical presentation of JDM is basically the same as that of ADM. The most common initial symptoms in JDM are skin rashes and Gottron's papules. Cardiovascular disease and cancer are less in JDM than in ADM. MRI is valuable in the diagnosis of DM.
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Objective T o study the correlation of daily living activities with location and severity of trau-m atic brain injury (TBI) and to provide a theoretical basis for im proving the accuracy of expert opinion. Methods Five hundred and one cases of patients with TBI were selected. D etailed records included fol-lowing: pre-injury situation, location and severity of injury, treatm ent and education. D aily living activi-ties scale (B arthel index) was applied to test the subjects’daily living activities. T he relevance am ong location and severity of TBI and B arthel index was statistically analyzed. Results In m ild TBI group, there wasnosignificantdifferenceinBarthelindex among each location (P>0.05).Inmoderate TBIgroup, there were significant differences in B arthel index between subarachnoid hem orrhage and cerebral lobe injury, also between parietal, occipital lobes injury and frontal lobe injury, parietal, occipital lobes injury and temporallobe(P0.05).In severe TBI,there were significant differences in Barthel index between every two different locations (P<0.05). Conclusion T here is som e correlation between the location of TBI and B arthel index, which provides an im portant reference value for analyzing and deter-m ining daily living activities after TBI.